基于α-FeOOH催化H2O2蒸气的低温烟气脱硝实验

针铁矿是分布广泛、储量丰富的铁氧化物，其主要成分为α-羟基氧化铁（α-FeOOH）。为了探究针铁矿在催化H₂O₂烟气脱硝反应中的性能，本文通过沉淀-水解法制备了α-FeOOH，并在自行搭建的实验台上开展了α-FeOOH催化H₂O₂的低温烟气脱硝实验研究，深入分析了H₂O₂流量、H₂O₂浓度、汽化温度、反应温度和共存气体浓度等工况参数对脱硝性能的影响。采用离子色谱（IC）分析了单独脱硝反应和同时脱硫脱硝反应后的含氧酸成分，结合各项表征分析技术考察了催化剂反应前后的理化特性和稳定性。实验结果显示，随着汽化温度和反应温度的升高，NO的脱除效率先增加后降低；增加H₂O₂浓度对脱硝效率有明显的促进作用。当汽化温度为140℃、反应温度为160℃时，以2.5mL/h注入10mol/L的H₂O₂脱硝效率达到80%。当SO₂浓度为1000μL/L时，脱硝效率提高至86.4%。离子色谱分析结果显示，单独脱硝反应和同时脱硫脱硝反应后含氧酸产物为HNO₃和H₂SO₄。反应前后催化剂的表征结果显示，α-FeOOH在脱硝反应后依然具有良好的稳定性，显示出针铁矿在低温烟气脱硝工艺中的潜在应用前景。     

镁改性活性炭强化活性污泥处理混合污水研究

基于序批式活性污泥法(SBR)工艺,将镁盐改性活性炭(MgO-PAC)与传统活性炭(PAC)混合而成MPAC材料,用于处理生活与工业混合污水。通过连续30 d的运行实验,探讨了MPAC材料对生活与工业混合污水中COD、NH4^+-N和TP的去除效果以及对污泥的比耗氧速率、沉降性能和微生物多样性的影响。结果表明,投加MPAC材料对污水中COD的去除率提升了12.7百分点,对TP的去除率提升了17.5百分点,对NH4^+-N的去除率超过86.4%。投加MPAC后处理效果更好的重要原因,在于MPAC使得活性污泥的沉降性能和比耗氧速率得到明显改善,也提升了污泥的微生物丰度。MPAC对活性污泥处理生活与工业混合污水具有强化作用。     

山东某难选贫磁铁矿石工艺矿物学研究

山东某难选贫磁铁矿石一直处于待开发状态。为了给矿石资源的开发利用提供依据，进行了系统的工艺矿物学研究。结果表明：①矿石中的主要有用矿物为磁铁矿，其次为假象赤铁矿和赤铁矿，含量分别为13.93%、5.65%和3.31%，褐铁矿分布较少为1.01%；主要脉石矿物为石英，其次为黑云母、碳酸盐类矿物和辉石，含量分别为39.12%、11.23%、7.78%和6.57%。②矿石主要构造为块状构造、层纹状构造，少量角砾状构造；主要结构有条带状结构、粒状结构，其次为脉状结构、交织结构，少量交代残余结构、辉绿结构、浸染状结构、斑状结构和纤维状结构。③矿石中有用铁矿物结晶粒度微细，主要分布在-0.04 mm粒级，其中磁铁矿（含假象赤铁矿）和赤、褐铁矿分布率分别为63.29%和72.50%，而-0.01 mm粒级分布率则占21.13%和29.16%，因此，欲使铁矿物与脉石达到较好解离，矿石必须细磨。     

Adaptive backstepping repetitive learning control design for nonlinear discrete‐time systems with periodic uncertainties

This paper addresses a tracking problem for uncertain nonlinear discrete‐time systems in which the uncertainties, including parametric uncertainty and external disturbance, are periodic with known periodicity. Repetitive learning control (RLC) is an effective tool to deal with periodic unknown components. By using the backstepping procedures, an adaptive RLC law with periodic parameter estimation is designed. The overparameterization problem is overcome by postponing the parameter estimation to the last backstepping step, which could not be easily solved in robust adaptive control. It is shown that the proposed adaptive RLC law without overparameterization can guarantee the perfect tracking and boundedness of the states of the whole closed‐loop systems in presence of periodic uncertainties. In addition, the effectiveness of the developed controller is demonstrated by an implementation example on a single‐link flexible‐joint robot. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

副井信号操车设备远程控制设计与应用

副井信号操车设备远程控制系统是数字化矿山建设的重要组成部分，此系统应用计算机网络技术、可编程控制器技术、无线通信技术、传感器检测技术和视频监控技术，以总线冗余、Profibus-DP现场总线控制和工业以太网为基础组成的数字化网络控制系统。通过将原系统分段独立的控制方式改造成集中遥控和远程操作的方式来减少副井提升机各中段水平的岗位操作人员数量、提高设备的安全性和生产效率，适用于地下矿山企业的长期生产工况作业，是智慧化矿山建设的必然趋势。     

Measurement of solubility and diffusion coefficients of ethylene in solid and molten low-density polyethylene with different melt indices

The diffusion behavior of ethylene in polyethylene is of great importance for the polymerization and degassing of polyethylene (PE) industry. Based on the gravimetric sorption and desorption measurement approach, an intelligent gravimetric analyzer is applied to obtain the solubility and diffusion coefficients of ethylene in solid low-density PE (LDPE) with different melt indices at 30°C to 70°C, 0 to 4 atm and in molten LDPE at 160°C to 230°C, 0 to 4 atm, respectively. Results indicate that both the solubility and diffusion coefficients of ethylene in solid LDPE are smaller than those in molten LDPE, while the dissolution enthalpy and diffusion activation energy of ethylene in solid LDPE are higher. In addition, one- and two-dimensional diffusion models are built and the effects of particle size, polymer properties, and operation conditions are systematically investigated on the diffusion behaviors of ethylene in solid and molten LDPE.     

石粉含量与钢纤维长度对机制砂超高性能混凝土性能的影响

为利用机制砂作细集料制备一种低成本的超高性能混凝土(UHPC),研究了石粉含量(5％ 、7％ 、10％ 、12％ 、15％)与3种长度的钢纤维及其2种钢纤维混杂对花岗岩机制砂UHPC的工作性能和力学性能的影响规律,并与河砂UHPC进行了对比.结果表明,机制砂UHPC的流动性低于河砂UHPC,且随石粉含量的增加而显著降低,机制砂UHPC的抗压强度、抗弯拉强度和弹性模量随石粉含量的增加呈先增大后降低趋势,当石粉含量≥10％ 时,机制砂UHPC的各项力学性能高于河砂UHPC.在钢纤维总体积掺量保持2％ 不变情况下,随钢纤维长度增加,UHPC的流动性降低,力学性能增大;当1％ 的长度13 mm平直钢纤维和1％ 的长度20 mm端勾钢纤维混杂时,机制砂UHPC的各项力学性能最佳.     

Theoretical investigation of solvent effects on the selective hydrogenation of furfural over Pt(111)

It was well known that solvent effect plays a very important role in the catalytic reaction. There are many theoretical studies on the solvent effect in homogeneous catalysis while there are few theoretical studies on the solvent effect in the heterogeneous catalytic reaction and there has been no work to investigate the solvent effect on furfural transformation in heterogeneous catalysis. In the present work, both the density functional calculations and the microkinetic analysis were performed to study the selective hydrogenation of furfural over Pt(111) in the presence of methanol as well as toluene and compared with that in the gas condition. The present results indicated that the methanol can enhance the adsorption strength of furfural and other oxygen-containing reaction species due to its relatively strong polarity properties and this can be a main reason for solvent-induced high activity and selectivity. Another reason is that reaction paths study showed that the presence of methanol solvent makes the dehydrogenation of furfural less thermochemical due to the fact that furfural is more stabilized than that of dehydrogenation species, and methanol also has an inhibition effect on the dehydrogenation of furfural in the kinetic aspect, and further energetic span theory proves highest activity and selectivity for hydrogenation in methanol solvent of vapor, methanol and toluene. Moreover, microkinetic model simulation demonstrated that the activity and selectivity of hydrogenation in methanol is both higher than that in vapor and toluene. The much higher activity in methanol is due to the stabilized adsorbed reactants in the surface, which leads to a higher surface coverage of furfural. It might be proposed based on the present work that a solvent with relatively strong polarity may be favorable for the high selective hydrogenation of furfural.     

井工转露天采区顶板厚度不足诱发滑坡问题研究

井工转露天开采是安全生产遇到的新问题。以紫金山金铜矿为背景，利用数值模拟法系 统研究了井 工转露天开采工况下顶板厚度从 68 m 逐渐减小至 44 m 时顶板的安全性，界定出顶板最小安 全厚度为 45 m。同时 系统研究了顶板厚度变化对上部边坡应力场的影响特点，得出随着顶板变薄坡脚处塑性破坏区 增大，导致边坡稳 定性变小的规律，并通过边坡稳定性分析计算验证其正确性。因此在井工转露天开采过程中， 为了确保安全生产 需要确保顶板有足够的厚度，避免作业设备和工作人员坠入老井采区及滑坡灾害发生。